The US Endangered Species Act (ESA) allows listing of subspecies and other groupings
below the rank of species. This provides the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the National …

In this review I summarize the history of the subspecies concept and the major debates and
issues surrounding its use, with an emphasis on ornithology, in which the concept …

Delimiting and describing species is fundamental to numerous biological disciplines such as
evolution, macroecology, and conservation. Delimiting species as independent evolutionary …

Jumping mice (subfamily Zapodinae) occur across most of North America (Zapus and
Napaeozapus) and in confined regions in China (Eozapus). Recent molecular phylogenies …

Conservation biologists conduct research on topics that are important to society, and results
of that research are often the basis for decisions that significantly affect nat-ural resources …

Abstract Knowledge about the phylogenetic history, genetic variation and ecological
requirements of a species is important for its conservation and management. Unfortunately …

The last P leistocene deglaciation shaped temperate and boreal communities in N orth A
merica. Rapid northward expansion into high latitudes created distinctive spatial genetic …

Accurate taxonomy is essential for conservation, but subspecies-level systematics can be
hampered both by a lack of consensus on what constitutes a subspecies and by …

There is considerable interest in the genetics of wolves (Canis lupus) because of their close
relationship to domestic dogs (C. familiaris) and the need for informed conservation and …

Zapus hudsonius preblei, listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA),
is one of 12 recognized subspecies of meadow jumping mice found in North America …