Within the set of risk factors that compromise the conservation of marine biodiversity, one of
the least understood concerns is the noise produced by human operations at sea and from …

Marine seismic surveys produce high intensity, low-frequency impulsive sounds at regular
intervals, with most sound produced between 10 and 300 Hz. Offshore seismic surveys have …

Human population density within 100 km of the sea is approximately three times higher than
the global average. People in this zone are concentrated in coastal cities that are hubs for …

Offshore wind farms are proliferating around the world, and their presence is expected to
expand substantially within US waters. Wind farm lifetimes involve 40–50-year …

This paper reviews the nature of substrate vibration within aquatic environments where
seismic interface waves may travel along the surface of the substrate, generating high levels …

There are substantial knowledge gaps regarding both the bioacoustics and the responses of
animals to sounds associated with pre-construction, construction, and operations of offshore …

Most fish and invertebrates use sound for vital life functions. This review of 115 primary
studies encompasses various human-produced underwater noise sources, 66 species of …

Due to human perceptional bias in favor of air-borne sounds, substrate-borne vibrational
signaling has been traditionally regarded as a highly specialized, inherently short-range …

Mineral extraction from the seabed has experienced a recent surge of interest from both the
mining industry and marine scientists. While improved methods of geological investigation …

Anthropogenic activities directly contacting the seabed, such as drilling and pile-driving,
produce a significant vibration likely to impact benthic invertebrates. As with terrestrial …