Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles
such as nucleons as well as nuclei. As a future high energy nuclear physics project, an …

Abstract The Spin Physics Detector (SPD) is a future multipurpose experiment foreseen to
run at the NICA collider, which is currently under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear …

We present the new parton distribution functions (PDFs) from the CTEQ-TEA collaboration,
obtained using a wide variety of high-precision Large Hadron Collider (LHC) data, in …

The fundamental building blocks of the proton—quarks and gluons—have been known for
decades. However, we still have an incomplete theoretical and experimental understanding …

Visible matter is characterised by a single mass scale; namely, the proton mass. The
proton's existence and structure are supposed to be described by quantum chromodynamics …

We provide an analysis of the x dependence of the bare unpolarized, helicity, and
transversity isovector parton distribution functions (PDFs) from lattice calculations employing …

Measurements of the ratio of Drell-Yan yields from an 800 GeV/c proton beam incident on
liquid hydrogen and deuterium targets are reported. Approximately 360 000 Drell-Yan muon …

We present a new analysis of parton distributions of the proton. This incorporates a wide
range of new data, an improved treatment of heavy flavours and a re-examination of prompt …

We present the final results of the spin asymmetries A 1 and the spin structure functions g 1
of the proton and the deuteron in the kinematic range 0.0008< x< 0.7 and 0.2< Q 2< 100 …

Deep-inelastic scattering reactions provided the first clear evidence that the quark structure
of nucleons and nuclei were significantly different. We review the progress in understanding …