In this review we give an overview about the current state-of-knowledge of the magnetic field
in sunspots from an observational point of view. We start by offering a brief description of …

This book presents a systematic introduction, practical meaning, and measurement of
thermo-physical properties (ie viscosity, density, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity …

Hinode is Japan's third solar mission following Hinotori (1981–1982) and Yohkoh (1991–
2001): it was launched on 2006 September 22 and is in operation currently. Hinode carries …

The magnetic field of the Sun is the underlying cause of the many diverse phenomena
combined under the heading of solar activity. Here we describe the magnetic field as it …

ABSTRACT MHD simulations of sunspots have successfully reproduced many aspects of
sunspot fine structure as a consequence of magneto-convection in inclined magnetic field …

We observed fine-scale jetlike features, referred to as penumbral microjets, in
chromospheres of sunspot penumbrae. The microjets were identified in image sequences of …

In this chapter we will briefly review the basic interactions between particles and magnetic
fields, the processes that occur on the Sun which are relevant for space weather as well as …

Sequel to the biocompatibility, physicochemical properties, high electrical conduction of
copper nanoparticles over an inclined surface, little is known on the significance of …

We interpret penumbral filaments as due to convection in field-free, radially aligned gaps
just below the visible surface of the penumbra, intruding into a nearly potential field above …

We review our current understanding of sunspots from the scales of their fine structure to
their large scale (global) structure including the processes of their formation and decay …