With increasing sophistication, economists have been estimating gravity equations for five
decades. Robust evidence shows that borders and distance impede trade by much more …

There has long been a debate on how inward foreign direct investment (FDI) affects host
countries' natural environment. From a historical perspective, we investigate how colonial …

The COVID-19 outbreak has cut China's supply of and raised the world's demand for face
masks, disinfectants, ventilators, and other critical medical goods. This article studies the …

Using a unique dataset from China, this paper shows that the intensity of epidemic disasters
during the country's last feudal period (1644–1895) promoted tourism businesses' …

An extensive number of studies investigate the effects of political relations on trade by
estimating a gravity model using annual (or quarterly) data. We argue that the use of low …

International trade and investment have always been an epicenter of research, and with the
onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, a surge in the publication of review articles focusing on …

We examine how political conflicts affect trade, using both the Goldstein score that scales all
political conflicts daily worldwide and the firm-country-product level data of Chinese imports …

China's growing influence on the world has generated profound effects on the political and
economic decisions of her partner nations. Recent conflict escalation between China and …

Apart from economic factors, issues that may influence, bilateral tourist flows include shared
histories, geopolitical factors, diplomatic relations, nationalism and domestic political issues …

Extant research has explicitly recognized the importance of the compatible environment in
the context of globalization. Sister-city partnership has long been developed for the …