Nucleic acids are excellent at recognizing complementary sequences through the formation
of Watson− Crick base pairs. Since the base pairing enables the highly selective …

Traditionally, biochemical studies are performed in dilute homogenous solutions, which are
very different from the dense mixture of molecules found in cells. Thus, the physiological …

Investigating protein–protein interactions is crucial for understanding cellular biological
processes because proteins often function within molecular complexes rather than in …

Studies of macromolecular crowding have shown its important effects on molecular transport
and interactions in living cells. Less clear is the effect of crowding when its influence is …

This paper deals with the recent phenomenological model of the motion of nanoscopic
objects (colloidal particles, proteins, nanoparticles, molecules) in complex liquids. We …

A statistical mechanical theory is presented to predict the effects of macromolecular
crowding on protein association equilibria, accounting for both excluded volume and …

The dynamics of colloids and proteins in dense suspensions is of fundamental importance,
from a standpoint of understanding the biophysics of proteins in the cytoplasm and for the …

Three-dimensional supranucleosomal chromatin packing plays a profound role in
modulating gene expression by regulating transcription reactions through mechanisms such …

An increasing number of studies are aimed at modeling cellular environments in a
comprehensive and realistic fashion. A major challenge in these efforts is how to bridge …

Majority of protein structure studies use Escherichia coli (E. coli) and other model organisms
as expression systems for other species' genes. However, protein folding depends on …