Our knowledge of the pathophysiology about traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still limited.
Neutrophils, as the most abundant leukocytes in circulation and the first-line transmigrated …

Purine nucleotides and nucleosides are at the center of biologic reactions. In particular,
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the fundamental energy currency of cellular activity and …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of specialized endothelial cells that form the
capillary microvasculature of the CNS and is essential for brain function. It also poses the …

Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside with a short half-life that regulates many
physiological functions involving the heart and cardiovascular system. Among the …

CD73-derived adenosine acts as potent inhibitor of inflammation, and regulatory T cells
(Treg) have been shown to express CD73 as a novel marker. This study explored the role of …

Metabolomics is an emerging component of systems biology that may be a viable strategy
for the identification and validation of physiologically relevant biomarkers. Nuclear magnetic …

Hypoxia and inflammation often coincide in pathogenic conditions such as acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic lung diseases, which are significant contributors to …

During a systemic inflammatory response endothelial-expressed surface molecules have
been strongly implicated in orchestrating immune responses. Previous studies have shown …

The signaling molecule adenosine has been implicated in attenuating acute lung injury
(ALI). Adenosine signaling is terminated by its uptake through equilibrative nucleoside …

Few signaling molecules have the potential to influence the developing mammal as the
nucleoside adenosine. Adenosine levels increase rapidly with tissue hypoxia and …