The question as to why primates have evolved unusually large brains has received much
attention, with many alternative proposals all supported by evidence. We review the main …

The evolution of unusually large brains in some groups of animals, notably primates, has
long been a puzzle. Although early explanations tended to emphasize the brain's role in …

Urbanisation exposes wildlife to new challenging conditions and environmental pressures.
Some mammalian species have adapted to these novel environments, but it remains …

The large variation in brain size that exists in the animal kingdom has been suggested to
have evolved through the balance between selective advantages of greater cognitive ability …

The social brain hypothesis was proposed as an explanation for the fact that primates have
unusually large brains for body size compared to all other vertebrates: Primates evolved …

Darwinian Natural Selection t is quite conceiveable," Darwin wrote in his introduction to On
the Origin of Species (1859, p. 3)" that a naturalist, reflecting on the mutual affinities of …

Black carbon (BC) from biomass and fossil fuel combustion alters chemical and physical
properties of the atmosphere and snow albedo, yet little is known about its emission or …

There is much interest in the evolutionary forces that favored the evolution of large brains in
the primate order. The social brain hypothesis posits that selection has favored larger brains …

In recent years, there have been over 50 comparative analyses carried out in which social or
ecological variables have been used to explain variation in whole brain size, or a part …

Across the animal kingdom, we see remarkable variation in brain size. This variation has
even increased over evolutionary time. Traditionally, studies aiming to explain brain size …