▪ Abstract Populations of plant viruses, like all other living beings, are genetically
heterogeneous, a property long recognized in plant virology. Only recently have the …

RNA viruses deserve their reputation as Nature's swiftest evolvers. Their high rates of
mutation and replication (Holland et al., 1982) allow them to move through sequence space …

Although exchange of genetic information by recombination plays a role in the evolution of
viruses, the extent to which it generates diversity is not clear. We analyzed genomes of …

Potato virus Y (PVY) strain groups are based on host response and resistance gene
interactions. The strain groups PVY O, PVY C and PVY N are well established for the …

Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (ZYMV), first isolated in Italy in 1973, described in 1981,
and then identified in all continents within a decade, is one of the most economically …

This work provides evidence of the significant contribution of recombination to the genetic
diversification of emerging begomovirus populations. In southern Spain, Tomato yellow leaf …

Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), a species of the genus Potyvirus, occurs worldwide. Seventy-six
isolates of TuMV were collected from around the world, mostly from Brassica and Raphanus …

Genetic resistance often fails because a resistance-breaking (RB) pathogen genotype
increases in frequency. On the basis of an analysis of cellular plant pathogens, it was …

Fourteen Potato virus Y (PVY) isolates representative of PVY O, PVY N, PVY NTN and PVY
NW groups were characterised at genomic level. Restriction fragment length polymorphism …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is the stable transfer of genetic material from one organism to
another without reproduction or human intervention. Transfer occurs by the passage of …