In recent year, propagation and resistance of pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria, fungi
and virals) to common antimicrobial agents has led to serious health and food problems …

Prodrugs are developed to increase the therapeutic properties of drugs and reduce their
side effects. Polyprodrugs emerged as highly efficient prodrugs produced by the …

As defined by the European Commission, a nanomaterial is a natural, an incidental, or a
manufactured material containing particles in an unbound state or as an aggregate or …

Curcumin is the main bioactive ingredient in turmeric extract and widely consumed as part of
the spice mix curry or as a dietary supplement. Turmeric has a long history of therapeutic …

Abstract Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles (NPs) are manufactured worldwide in large
quantities for use in a wide range of applications. TiO 2 NPs possess different …

Particulates are small particles of solid or liquid suspended in liquid or air. In vitro studies
show that particles generate reactive oxygen species, deplete endogenous antioxidants …

New developments in technology usually entail some hazard as well as advantage to a
society. Hazard of a material translates into risk by exposure of humans and/or their …

With the rapid development of nanomedicines, it is important to understand their potential
immunotoxicity. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have several applications in the …

We and other groups have demonstrated that exposure to nickel nanoparticles (Nano-Ni)
results in severe and persistent lung inflammation and fibrosis, but the underlying …

Background Nanoparticles are widely used in different technological fields, one of which is
medicine. Because of their antibacterial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in …