Penguins face a wide range of threats. Most observed population changes have been
negative and have happened over the last 60 years. Today, populations of 11 penguin …

The pelagic fisheries beyond the continental shelves are currently managed with a range of
tools largely based on regulating effort or target catch. These tools comprise both static and …

We reviewed 140 papers to assess the ecological effectiveness of South Africa's marine
protected areas (MPAs). Evidence was assessed for coverage and representivity, protection …

Climate change and fisheries are transforming the oceans, but we lack a complete
understanding of their ecological impact [1–3]. Environmental degradation can cause …

Mitigating direct and indirect interactions between marine predators and fisheries is a
motivating factor for ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM), especially where …

Management strategy evaluation (MSE) is the state‐of‐the‐art approach for testing and
comparing management strategies in a way that accounts for multiple sources of uncertainty …

Worldwide, in recent years capture fisheries targeting lower-trophic level forage fish and
euphausiid crustaceans have been substantial (∼ 20 million metric tons [MT] annually) …

Fisheries bycatch is a major threat to seabird populations, and understanding sex-and age-
biases in bycatch rates is important for assessing population-level impacts. We analysed 44 …

Understanding changes in abundance is crucial for conservation, but population growth
rates often vary over space and time. We use 40 years of count data (1979–2019) and …

Global forage-fish landings are increasing, with potentially grave consequences for marine
ecosystems. Predators of forage fish may be influenced by this harvest, but the nature of …