Countries across Africa continue to face major challenges in education. In this review, we
examine 145 recent empirical studies (from 2014 onward) on how to increase access to and …

When and how do governments deliver public goods and services in response to citizen
preferences? We review the current literature on government responsiveness, with a focus …

We present results from a large-scale randomized experiment across 350 schools in
Tanzania that studied the impact of providing schools with (i) unconditional grants,(ii) …

The impact of school resources on student outcomes was first raised in the 1960s and has
been controversial since then. This issue enters into the decision-making on school finance …

Factorial designs are widely used to study multiple treatments in one experiment. While t-
tests using a fully-saturated “long” model provide valid inferences,“short” model t-tests (that …

This paper reports on a two-tiered experiment designed to separately identify the selection
and effort margins of pay for performance (P4P). At the recruitment stage, teacher labor …

This paper demonstrates the acute sensitivity of education program effectiveness to the
choices of inputs and outcome measures, using a randomized evaluation of a mother …

A central, yet understudied, component of state capacity is the quality of administrative data,
which is a key enabler of effective policy making. I study this in the context of education …

Pay levels for public sector workers—and especially teachers—are a constant source of
controversy. In many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, protests and strikes suggest that pay …

Using two RCTs in middle schools in Pakistan, we show that brief, expert-led, curriculum-
based videos integrated into the classroom experience improved teaching effectiveness …