Radio signal propagation modeling plays an important role in the design of wireless
communication systems. Various models have been developed, over the past few decades …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) especially with sensor nodes communicating with each
other in medium other than air have been naive area of research since the last few years. In …

Internet of underground things (IoUTs) and wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs)
are new technologies particularly relevant in agriculture to measure and transmit …

Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUGSNs) transmit data collected from
underground objects such as water substances, oil substances, soil contents, and others. In …

In the field of telecommunication, network planning plays an important role to maximize the
system performance and it is very much related to received signal strength (RSS). While …

Radiofrequency radiation (RFR), used for wireless communications and “smart” building
technologies, including the “Internet of Things,” is increasing rapidly. As both RFR …

Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs), an important part of Internet of things
(IoT), have many promising applications in various scenarios. Signal transmission in natural …

As a novel pipeline monitoring technology, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have the
advantages of low power consumption, flexibility, and robustness in aboveground …

With the continuous expansion of human interaction with the underground space, the
observation of underground environment (eg soil moisture) and underground infrastructure …

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have emerged as a robust and cost-effective solution for
buried pipeline monitoring due to the low cost (a maximum of a few tens of UK pounds …