Coronary heart disease (CHD) is closely related to oxidative stress and inflammatory
response and is the most common cardiovascular disease (CVD). Iron is an essential …

Cellular responses to hypoxia are crucial in various physiological and pathophysiological
contexts and have thus been extensively studied. This has led to a comprehensive …

Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) has an important role in regulating mitochondrial
calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. Dysregulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis has been …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and multifactorial disease. PAH
pathogenesis mostly involves pulmonary arterial endothelial and pulmonary arterial smooth …

The high mortality rate in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may
be due to pulmonary hypertension (PH). These diseases are highly associated with cigarette …

Mitochondria are important organelles that act as a primary site to produce reactive oxygen
species (ROS). Additionally, mitochondria play a pivotal role in the regulation of Ca2+ …

Upon sensing a reduction in local oxygen partial pressure, pulmonary vessels constrict, a
phenomenon known as hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Excessive hypoxic pulmonary …

Mitochondria are the centrol hub for cellular energy metabolisms. They regulate fuel
metabolism by oxygen levels, participate in physiological signaling pathways, and act as …

Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is a progressive and irreversible disease that
reduces survival. Echinacoside is a phenylethanoid glycoside from Tibetan herbs known for …

Atherosclerosis, an immunoinflammatory disease of medium and large arteries, is
associated with life-threatening clinical events, such as acute coronary syndromes and …