Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) constitute a family of 14 members among which
MCT1–4 facilitate the passive transport of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate and …

Renal nitrogen metabolism primarily involves urea and ammonia metabolism, and is
essential to normal health. Urea is the largest circulating pool of nitrogen, excluding nitrogen …

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Protein phosphorylation plays a key role in vasopressin signaling in the renal-collecting
duct. Large-scale identification and quantification of phosphorylation events triggered by …

The renal medulla produces concentrated urine through the generation of an osmotic
gradient extending from the cortico-medullary boundary to the inner medullary tip. This …

Background Aquaporin (AQP) water channels are best known as passive transporters of
water that are vital for water homeostasis. Scope of review AQP knockout studies in whole …

Urea is the most abundant solute in the urine in humans (on a Western-type diet) and
laboratory rodents. It is far more concentrated in the urine than in plasma and extracellular …

Our understanding of urinary concentrating and diluting mechanisms at the end of the 20th
century was based largely on data from renal micropuncture studies, isolated perfused …

A single protein-rich meal (or an infusion of amino acids) is known to increase the
glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for a few hours, a phenomenon known as “hyperfiltration.” It …

The renal medulla produces concentrated urine through the generation of an osmotic
gradient that progressively increases from the cortico-medullary boundary to the inner …