Exposure to stress during critical periods in development can have severe long-term
consequences, increasing overall risk on psychopathology. One of the key stress response …

Stress is a precipitating factor for anxiety-related disorders, which are among the leading
forms of psychiatric illness and impairment in the modern world. Rodent-based behavioral …

The immediate and long-term effects of exposure to early life stress (ELS) have been
documented in humans and animal models. Even relatively brief periods of stress during the …

Vulnerability to emotional disorders including depression derives from interactions between
genes and environment, especially during sensitive developmental periods. Adverse early …

Relatively little is known about neurobiological changes attributable to early-life stressors
(eg, orphanage rearing), even though they have been associated with a heightened risk for …

ABSTRACT A close association between early‐life experience and cognitive and emotional
outcomes is found in humans. In experimental models, early‐life experience can directly …

Vulnerability to emotional disorders including depression derives from interactions between
genes and environment, especially during sensitive developmental periods. Across …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a critical member of the neurotrophic family, plays
an important role in multiple stress-related mental disorders. Although alterations in BDNF in …

Early life adversity is a known risk factor for mood and anxiety disorders in adult humans
(Heim et al., 2010; Huh et al., 2014; Rehan et al., 2017). Given the prevalence of both …

Mental illnesses originate early in life, governed by environmental and genetic factors.
Because parents are a dominant source of signals to the developing child, parental signals …