Background The constant global need for food has created a demand for colossal food
production. Every day the world requires more food than it is capable of growing and …

The banning in 2006 of the use of antibiotics as animal growth promoters in the European
Union has increased demand from producers for alternative feed additives that can be used …

Gut microbial colonization and establishment are vital to ruminant health and production.
This review article focuses on current knowledge and methods used to understand and …

When the domains of individual microorganisms overlap, it is likely that interactions will
occur (Boddy and Wimpenny 1992). The outcome of these interactions is evaluated on the …

Small ruminants represent an important economic source in small farm systems and
agriculture. Feed is the main component of livestock farming, which has gained special …

Research on urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD), namely allantoin, uric acid,
xanthine and hypoxanthine, in ruminants have been carried out with an objective to use the …

There are many reports of the positive effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
microorganisms and the immunological systems of their hosts. Probiotics have prophylactic …

Four cecum and right ventral colon-fistulated horses were assigned in a 4× 4 Latin square
design and fed a high-fiber (HF) or a high-starch (HS) diet with or without 10 g of …

Probiotics are naturally occurring microbes, which upon administration improve the health
status of the animal by competing with the pathogenic microbes and nutrient utilization by …

Probiotics are viable microorganisms with beneficial health effects for humans and animals.
They are formulated into many functional foods and animal feed. There is a growing …