Maintaining optimal mitochondrial function is a feature of health. Mitophagy removes and
recycles damaged mitochondria and regulates the biogenesis of new, fully functional ones …

The aged adaptive immune system is characterized by progressive dysfunction as well as
increased autoimmunity. This decline is responsible for elevated susceptibility to infection …

The human innate and adaptive immune systems consist of effector cells producing
cytokines (interleukins, interferons, chemokines, and numerous other mediators). Usually, a …

Background Recently, the hallmarks of aging were updated to include dysbiosis, disabled
macroautophagy, and chronic inflammation. In particular, the low-grade chronic …

Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for the inflammation that underlies age-associated
diseases; thus, anti-inflammaging drugs hold promise for increasing health span. Cytokine …

Inflammatory responses arise as an outcome of tissues or organs exposure towards harmful
stimuli like injury, toxic chemicals or pathogenic microorganism. It is a complex cascade of …

Productive T cell responses to infection and cancer rely on coordinated metabolic
reprogramming and epigenetic remodeling among the immune cells. In particular, T cell …

The dysregulated release of cytokines has been identified as one of the key factors behind
poorer outcomes in COVID-19. This “cytokine storm” produces an excessive inflammatory …

SARS-CoV-2 causes a severe pneumonia (COVID-19) that affects essentially elderly
people. In COVID-19, macrophage infiltration into the lung causes a rapid and intense …

Evidence is emerging that the process of immune aging is a mechanism leading to
autoimmunity. Over lifetime, the immune system adapts to profound changes in …