Abstract Purpose of Review This review will outline the multilevel effects of biological sex on
HIV acquisition, pathogenesis, treatment response, and prospects for cure. Potential …

Access to effective affordable contraception is critical for individual and public health. A wide
range of hormonal contraceptives (HCs), which differ in composition, concentration of the …

Several clinical trials have demonstrated that antiretroviral (ARV) drugs taken as pre-
exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can prevent HIV infection, with the magnitude of protection …

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is still one of the major global health issues, and
despite significant efforts that have been put into studying the pathogenesis of HIV infection …

It is well established that most new systemic infections of HIV-1 can be traced back to one or
a limited number of founder viruses. Usually, these founders are more closely related to …

Microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are crucial for protecting the intestinal
barrier and regulating the immune response during infections. Recent studies show that viral …

Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) results from egg-deposition in the female reproductive
tract primarily by the waterborne parasite Schistosoma (S.) haematobium, and less …

Half of the people living with HIV are women. Younger women remain disproportionally
affected in endemic areas, but infection rates in older women are rising worldwide. The …

Accelerated tuberculosis and AIDS progression seen in HIV-1 and Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (Mtb)-coinfected individuals indicates the important interaction between these …

Nanomaterials with diagnostic and therapeutic functions have exciting potential to reshape
the landscape of precision medicine. Impressive progress has been made toward the design …