As an extension of fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) considers the degrees of non-
membership and hesitancy along with the degree of membership, therefore, the knowledge …

Water conflicts (WACT) in shared river basins have become one of the factors that restrict
regional economic development and social stability. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate …

Water security is an expression of resilience. In the recent past, scientists and public
organizations have built considerable work around this concept launched in 2013 by the …

This study provides a method for analyzing the drought-vulnerability index (DVI) from a
multidimensional perspective that includes biophysical and social aspects, considering the …

Given the growing climate variability, quantifying droughts has gained significant
importance, particularly in agriculturally concentrated areas such as Iowa. This study …

The information diffusion model is widely used in natural disaster risk assessment because
of its operationalization, low data requirements and clear significance of the evaluation …

The butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) is a meta-heuristic algorithm that mimics foraging
and mating behavior of butterflies. In order to alleviate the problems of slow convergence …

Environmental hazards like drought lead to degrading food production and adversely impact
the agro-economy. This study investigates the contributions of different climatic and socio …

Identifying the spatiotemporal characteristics and obstacle factors of the agricultural drought
disaster risk is essential to reduce grain losses and ensure food security. However, due to …

The negative impact of high-temperature disaster on agricultural production is becoming
more and more serious, and reducing the vulnerability to high-temperature disaster is …