Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end‐stage kidney disease, and therefore
early diagnosis and intervention may help reverse renal damage. One hundred and sixty …

Background In clinical practice, there is a lack of markers for the non-invasive diagnosis and
follow-up of kidney disease. Exosomes are membrane vesicles, which are secreted from …

Cadmium (Cd) is a nephrotoxic environmental pollutant that causes insidious injury to the
proximal tubule that results in severe polyuria and proteinuria. Cystatin C is a low molecular …

Thyroid produce two important hormone of thyroxine or tetraidothyronine (T4) and
triidothyronine (T3), which are involved in whole aspect of metabolism. T4 and T3 play vital …

Aims We aimed to evaluate urinary CysC (cystanin c) as an early marker of diabetic
nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and investigate the correlation of urinary CysC …

Introduction An ideal endogenous molecule for measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is
still unknown. However, a rare enantiomer of serine, d-serine, is useful in GFR …

Background: Squalene, in recent years, has become a topic of interest to scientists due to its
potential health benefits and anti-inflammatory effects. Squalene is a hydrocarbon belonging …

Objectives Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a frequent and serious complication in human
diabetic patients, but data are limited in cats. This study was undertaken to assess whether …

目的: 探讨血清胱抑素C (Cys-C), 糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c), 糖化清蛋白(GA) 和尿微量清蛋白/肌酐
比值(U-mAlb/Cr) 联合检测对2 型糖尿病(T2DM) 早期肾损伤的价值. 方法选取158 例T2DM …

Cadmium (Cd) as nephrotoxicant metal exerts its potent effect mainly on renal tubules
disturbing its functions. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 55 sewage workers …