I develop a method to measure the ideology of candidates and contributors using campaign
finance data. Combined with a data set of over 100 million contribution records from state …

During the past two generations, democratic forms have coexisted with massive increases in
economic inequality in the United States and many other advanced democracies. Moreover …

When firms give money to candidates for public office, what return can they expect on their
investment? Prior studies have been inconclusive, due to both methodological challenges …

We review an empirical literature that studies how political polarization affects financial
decisions. We first discuss the degree of partisan segregation in finance and corporate …

Concerns that interest groups use their financial resources to distort the democratic process
are long‐standing. Surprisingly, though, firms spend little money on political campaigns, and …

Understanding how money influences the legislative process is essential for assessing
American democracy, but problems of endogeneity, legality, and observational equivalence …

How did corporate politics, governance, and value relate to each other in the S&P 500
before and after C itizens U nited? In regulated and government‐dependent industries …

In this review, we provide a framework for understanding both the predictors and
approaches of CPA that firms undertake to achieve their objectives. We identify the …

Understanding why donors give money to legislative candidates is vital for assessing how
money influences politics. In this paper, I test theories of why political action committees …

Businesspeople run for and win elected office around the world, with roughly one-third of
members of parliament and numerous heads of states coming directly from the private …