Definitions in relatively new fields of science need to be clearly articulated by researchers,
even if the field has yet to adopt a standard definition. In this article, we discuss the various …

Short-form video influencer advertising offers new opportunities for user sensory experience
to promote advertising effectiveness and induce positive user responses. This unique …

The present work outlines a theory of attitudes toward emotions, provides a measure of
attitudes toward emotions, and then tests several predictions concerning relationships …

Depression is a prevalent, heterogeneous, and debilitating disorder that often emerges in
adolescence, and there is a need to better understand vulnerability processes to inform …

Recent work has highlighted neural mechanisms underlying cognitive effort-related
discounting of anticipated rewards. However, findings on whether effort exertion alters the …

The present research tested the effect of manipulated perceived control (over obtaining the
outcomes) and effort on reward valuation using the event‐related potential known as the …

Effort expenditure not only prospectively discounts the reward associated with it but also
retrospectively adds the subjective value of reward, which is known as the effort paradox …

Aberrant reward processing is a cardinal feature of various forms of psychopathology.
However, recent research indicates that aberrant reward processing may manifest at …

Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a key brain region involved in cognitive control and decision
making, is suggested to mediate effort‐and value‐based decision making, but the specific …

The reward after-effect of effort expenditure refers to the phenomenon that previous effort
investment changes the subjective value of rewards when obtained. However, the neural …