Macrophages are influential members of the innate immune system that can be reversibly
polarized by different microenvironment signals. Cell polarization leads to a wide range of …

Chemotherapy is one of the primary treatments for malignant tumors. However, the acquired
drug resistance hinders clinical efficacy and leads to treatment failure in most patients …

Exosomes are small nanosized biovesicles that form when multivesicular bodies and the
plasma membrane fuse and are released into the surrounding body fluids. They are best …

Nowadays, microarray data processing is one of the most important applications in
molecular biology for cancer diagnosis. A major task in microarray data processing is gene …

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently occurring type of malignant tumor and a leading
cause of oncological death in men. PCa is very heterogeneous in terms of grade …

Brain tumors are one of the most mortal cancers, leading to many deaths among kids and
adults. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are available options for brain tumor …

The rapid rise of cancer worldwide demonstrates the importance of treatment strategies. In
addition to reduce the side effects of conventional treatments, targeted drug delivery systems …

Cancer is a complex illness that presents significant challenges in its understanding and
treatment. The classic definition," a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disorder that causes systemic
inflammation, autoimmunity, and joint abnormalities that result in permanent disability …

Oncolytic viruses (OV) are an attractive prospect due to their dual attack mechanism of direct
cell lysis and potentiation of an antitumor immune response. Various oncolytic viral vectors …