Heat waves (HWs) can cause large socioeconomic and environmental impacts. The
observed increases in their frequency, intensity and duration are projected to continue with …

Heatwaves constitute a major threat to human health and ecosystems. Projected increases
in heatwave frequency and severity thus lead to the need for prediction to enhance …

Compound weather and climate events describe combinations of multiple climate drivers
and/or hazards that contribute to societal or environmental risk. Although many climate …

Executive summary Land and climate interact in complex ways through changes in forcing
and multiple biophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks across different spatial and …

The physical understanding and timely prediction of extreme weather events are of
enormous importance to society due to their associated impacts. In this article, we highlight …

The year 2022 saw record breaking temperatures in Europe during both summer and fall.
Similar to the recent 2018 drought, close to 30%(3.0 million km2) of the European continent …

Compound droughts and hot events or extremes (CDHEs) may lead to larger repercussions
than do individual extremes. Due to the disastrous impacts and increased risk of these …

Quantifying changes in hot temperature extremes is key for developing adaptation
strategies. Changes in hot extremes are often determined on the basis of air temperatures; …

Droughts and heatwaves cause agricultural loss, forest mortality, and drinking water scarcity,
especially when they occur simultaneously as combined events. Their predicted increase in …

Earlier vegetation greening under climate change raises evapotranspiration and thus lowers
spring soil moisture, yet the extent and magnitude of this water deficit persistence into the …