An important concept in neurobiology is “neurons that fire together, wire together” which
means that the formation and maintenance of synapses is promoted by activation of those …

Predators can affect individual fitness and population and community processes through
lethal effects (direct consumption or 'density'effects), where prey is consumed, or through …

Caribou and reindeer herds are declining across their circumpolar range, coincident with
increasing arctic temperatures and precipitation, and anthropogenic landscape change …

Vital rates of large herbivores normally respond to increased resource limitation by following
a progressive sequence of effects on life‐history characteristics from survival of young, age …

The extent to which vertebrate carnivores shift facultatively between predation and
scavenging has recently been emphasized. Potentially, all carnivores have to do is wait until …

When rain falls on an existing cover of snow, followed by low temperatures, or falls as
freezing rain, it can leave a hard crust. These Arctic rain on snow (ROS) events can …

Understanding the interaction among predators and between predation and climate is
critical to understanding the mechanisms for compensatory mortality. We used data from …

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 915–935 Abstract Fitness costs of reproduction play a key role in
understanding the evolution of reproductive tactics. Nevertheless, the detection and the …

An increasing proportion of the world's poor is rearing livestock today, and the global
livestock population is growing. Livestock predation by large carnivores and their retaliatory …

In the period following wolf (Canis lupus) reintroduction to Yellowstone National Park (1995–
2004), the northern Yellowstone elk (Cervus elaphus) herd declined from∼ 17 000 to∼ …