The improvement of heat recovery in the industry has traditionally been approached from
two different viewpoints–Process Intensification and Process Integration. Many of the …

Heat exchanger network synthesis is an essential optimisation tool for Process Integration,
particularly in energy-intensive industries. Proper design or retrofit of heat exchanger …

Industry 4.0 aims to transform chemical and biochemical processes into intelligent systems
via the integration of digital components with the actual physical units involved. This process …

Fouling is a problem in crude oil refineries. The effect of fouling deposition is particularly
significant in the heat exchanger network (or pre-heat train) upstream of the crude oil …

Liquid-to-air membrane energy exchangers (LAMEEs) are promising in heating, ventilating,
and air-conditioning applications because they are able to use semipermeable membranes …

The performance and operability of heat exchanger networks (HENs) is strongly affected by
fouling, which involves the deposition of unwanted material, which reduces the heat-transfer …

The present article numerically studies the relationship between a heat exchanger's thermal
performance and the occurrence of fouling, here represented by the deposition of calcium …

Fouling of the inside of tubes in crude oil preheat systems increases pressure drop and
pumping costs. In this paper, a method is proposed for optimizing crude oil velocity to reduce …

Fouling mitigation is paramount to maintaining the reliable and efficient operation of a heat
exchanger network (HEN). From the operational perspective, fouling can be mitigated by …

Fouling in heat transfer units has a negative economic impact. Many scale‐forming
impurities are present in cane molasses generated by sugar cane production technology …