This review of the potential of robust plasma facing components (PFCs) with liquid surfaces
for applications in future D/T fusion device summarizes the critical issues for liquid surfaces …

High-performance and long-pulse operation is a crucial goal of current magnetic fusion
research. Here, we demonstrate a high-confinement plasma regime known as an H-mode …

In 2012, lithium coating with an upgraded system on EAST, the first application of lithium
granules injection for ELMs pacing on EAST, and the first flowing lithium limiter experiments …

Periods of edge localized mode (ELM)-free H-mode with increased pedestal pressure and
width were observed in the DIII-D tokamak when density fluctuations localized to the region …

Progress in thermonuclear fusion energy research based on deuterium plasmas
magnetically confined in toroidal tokamak devices requires the development of efficient …

As an alternative choice of solid plasma facing components (PFCs), flowing liquid lithium
can serve as a limiter or divertor PFC and offers a self-healing surface with acceptable heat …

Lithium wall coatings have been shown to reduce recycling, suppress edge-localized modes
(ELMs), and improve energy confinement in the National Spherical Torus Experiment …

Abstract Experiments in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) have shown
beneficial effects on the performance of divertor plasmas as a result of applying lithium …

In this tutorial article, we review the technological, physics, and economic basis for a
magnetic fusion device utilizing a flowing liquid lithium divertor (molten metal velocity in the …

Liquid metal plasma-facing components (PFCs) have been proposed as a means of solving
several problems facing the creation of economically viable fusion power reactors. To date …