The discovery of leptin was intrinsically associated with its ability to regulate body weight.
However, the effects of leptin are more far-reaching and include profound glucose-lowering …

The parabrachial nucleus (PBN), which is located in the pons and is dissected by one of the
major cerebellar output tracks, is known to relay sensory information (visceral malaise, taste …

Obesity represents the single most important risk factor for early disability and death in
developed societies, and the incidence of obesity remains at staggering levels. CNS …

During the past 30 yr, investigating the physiology of eating behaviors has generated a truly
vast literature. This is fueled in part by a dramatic increase in obesity and its comorbidities …

Sensory neurons relay gut-derived signals to the brain, yet the molecular and functional
organization of distinct populations remains unclear. Here, we employed intersectional …

The initial discovery that ob/ob mice become obese because of a recessive mutation of the
leptin gene has been crucial to discover the melanocortin pathway to control appetite. In the …

The melanocortin system provides a conceptual blueprint for the central control of energetic
state. Defined by four principal molecular components—two antagonistically acting ligands …

The overconsumption of highly caloric and palatable foods has caused a surge in obesity
rates in the past half century, thereby posing a healthcare challenge due to the array of …

Growing evidence implicates the brain in the regulation of both immediate fuel availability
(for example, circulating glucose) and long-term energy stores (that is, adipose tissue mass) …

The lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN) is a major target of spinal projection neurons
conveying nociceptive input into supraspinal structures. However, the functional role of …