Research in offline Arabic handwriting recognition has increased considerably in the past
few years. This is evident from the numerous research results published recently in major …

We introduce a general formulation, called non-negative graph embedding, for non-negative
data decomposition by integrating the characteristics of both intrinsic and penalty graphs …

The first step in any NLP pipeline is to split the text into individual tokens. The most obvious
and straightforward approach is to use words as tokens. However, given a large text corpus …

Off-line recognition of text play a significant role in several application such as the automatic
sorting of postal mail or editing old documents. It is the ability of the computer to distinguish …

In this chapter, we present baseline detection challenges for Arabic script based languages
and targeted Nastaliq and Naskh writing style. Baseline is an important step in the OCR as it …

Abstract A Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Human Apart
(CAPTCHA) is an effective way to identify human users and prevent cyber-attacks. In this …

Bots are programs that crawl through the web site and make auto registrations. CAPTCHAs,
using Latin script, are widely used to prevent automated bots from abusing online services …

Arabic text recognition is a difficult task due to the cursive nature of the Arabic writing system,
the different forms of Arabic characters in words, the large number of ligatures, and many …

Automatic off-line Arabic handwriting recognition still faces a big challenges. Due to the
cursive nature of the Arabic language, most of published works are based on recognition of …

Handwritten CAPTCHAs can be generated from pre-written or synthesized words, with
added distortions and noise to survive OCR attacks. This paper takes a different approach …