Abstract The Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)
is an energetic particle detector designed to measure a broad spectrum of energetic particle …

The evolution and escape of the martian atmosphere and the planet's water inventory can
be separated into an early and late evolutionary epoch. The first epoch started from the …

The sample analysis at Mars instrument evolved gas analyzer (SAM‐EGA) has detected
evolved water, H2, SO2, H2S, NO, CO2, CO, O2, and HCl from two eolian sediments and …

The habitability of the surface of any planet is determined by a complex evolution of its
interior, surface, and atmosphere. The electromagnetic and particle radiation of stars drive …

Perseverance explored two geological units on the floor of Jezero Crater over the first 420
Martian days of the Mars2020 mission. These units, the Máaz and Séítah formations, are …

Carbonates are key minerals for understanding ancient Martian environments because they
are indicators of potentially habitable, neutral‐to‐alkaline water and may be an important …

We seek a better understanding of the distribution of subsurface ice on Mars, based on the
physical processes governing the exchange of vapor between the atmosphere and the …

The climate of Mars likely evolved from a warmer, wetter early state to the cold, arid current
state. However, no solutions for this evolution have previously been found to satisfy the …

We review the mineralogy of the surface of Mars, using data from various sources, including
in situ characterisations performed by landers, remote observations from orbit, and studies of …

The failure of Viking Lander thermal volatilization (TV)(without or with thermal degradation)–
gas chromatography (GC)–MS experiments to detect organics suggests chemical rather …