Advances in attosecond science have led to a wealth of important discoveries in atomic,
molecular, and solid-state physics and are progressively directing their footsteps toward …

Relativistic interaction of short-pulse lasers with underdense plasmas has recently led to the
emergence of a novel generation of femtosecond x-ray sources. Based on radiation from …

The European XFEL is a hard X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) based on a high-electron-
energy superconducting linear accelerator. The superconducting technology allows for the …

The quantum-mechanical motion of electrons in molecules and solids occurs on the sub-
femtosecond timescale. Consequently, the study of ultrafast electronic phenomena requires …

With intensities 108–1010 times greater than other laboratory sources, X-ray free-electron
lasers are currently opening up new frontiers across many areas of science. In this Review …

An era of exploring the interactions of high-intensity, hard X-rays with matter has begun with
the start-up of a hard-X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) …

X-ray free-electron lasers (x-ray FELs) give us for the first time the possibility to explore
structures and dynamical processes of atomic and molecular systems at the angstrom …

Matter with a high energy density (> 105 joules per cm3) is prevalent throughout the
Universe, being present in all types of stars and towards the centre of the giant planets,; it is …

High-gain free-electron lasers (FELs) are being developed as extremely bright sources for a
next-generation x-ray facility. In this paper, we review the basic theory of the start-up, the …

This book contains a systematic treatment of the basic principles of free elec tron laser (FEL)
physics. It is primarily intended for physicists specializing in FEL physics and related fields …