With increasing sophistication, economists have been estimating gravity equations for five
decades. Robust evidence shows that borders and distance impede trade by much more …

This chapter investigates the global economic consequence of the Russia-Ukraine war over
a four-month period from December 2021 to March 2022. Russia invaded Ukraine on the …

Since the end of the Cold War, the sanctions against Russia have been the harshest and
most costly imposed on a major economy. They appear to be unprecedented in terms of …

The growth of clean energies and technologies requires a sound financial market, while
equity and bond markets are exposed to geopolitical risks. We investigate the response of …

Global linkages are changing amidst elevated geopolitical tensions and a surge in policies
directed at increasing supply chain resilience and national security. Using granular bilateral …

Abstract As the Russo–Ukrainian conflict obstructs the vast wheat production of Ukraine, we
investigate the relationship over crises between geopolitical risk and prices of essential food …

War produces devastating impacts on humankind, especially in terms of lives and
livelihoods. While war is a widely studied topic in history, it remains relatively understudied …

This article reviews the literature on civil conflict and development with a focus on the
socioeconomic consequences of violence and on promising policies for fostering peace. We …

We present a news-based measure of adverse geopolitical events and associated risks. The
geopolitical risk (GPR) index spikes around the two world wars, at the beginning of the …

We identify a “proximity penalty” in the stock market response to the Russian invasion of
Ukraine: the closer countries are to Ukraine, the lower their equity returns in a four‐week …