Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have attracted growing awareness in the twenty-first century, as they
are generally considered to have direct oncolysis and cancer immune effects. With the …

To effectively build on the recent successes of immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive T cell
therapy and cancer vaccines, it is critical to rationally design combination strategies that will …

Recent clinical data have emphatically shown the capacity of our immune systems to
eradicate even advanced cancers. Although oncolytic viruses (OVs) were originally …

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) infect, multiply, and finally remove tumor cells selectively, causing no
damage to normal cells in the process. Because of their specific features, such as, the ability …

Neutrophils play an established role in host defense and in killing invading microorganisms.
Although neutrophils are traditionally considered in the context of their antibacterial …

Tumor cells manipulate the local environment in which they grow, creating a tumor
microenvironment (TME) that promotes tumor survival and metastasis. The TME is an …

Cancer has always been an enormous threat to human health and survival. Surgery,
radiotherapy, and chemotherapy could improve the survival of cancer patients, but most …

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are tumor-selective, multi-mechanistic antitumor agents. They kill
infected cancer and associated endothelial cells via direct oncolysis, and uninfected cells …

Inconsistencies plague our understanding of the role of neutrophils in cancer and the
literature provides evidence for a duality in neutrophil activity on the outcome of cancer …

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are novel immunotherapeutic agents whose anticancer effects come
from both oncolysis and elicited antitumor immunity. OVs induce mostly immunogenic …