Methylene blue (MB) is a well-established drug with a long history of use, owing to its
diverse range of use and its minimal side effect profile. MB has been used classically for the …

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles responsible for cellular energy production. Besides,
regulating energy homeostasis, mitochondria are responsible for calcium homeostasis …

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative injury, which contribute to worsening of neurological
deficits and poor clinical outcomes, are hallmarks of secondary brain injury after TBI …

The microbiome is defined as the collective genomes of the microbes (composed of
bacteria, bacteriophage, fungi, protozoa, and viruses) that colonize the human body, and …

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are the main physiopathological changes involved
in the initiation and progression of various neurodegenerative disorders or brain injuries …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with cerebral edema, blood brain barrier
breakdown, and neuroinflammation that contribute to the degree of injury severity and …

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a disease afflicting individuals exposed to repetitive
neurotrauma. Unfortunately, diagnosis is made by postmortem pathologic analysis, and …

Brain edema is a common and serious complication of ischemic stroke with limited effective
treatment. We previously reported that methylene blue (MB) attenuated ischemic brain …

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a serious medical problem with few effective
pharmacotherapies available, and neuroinflammation has been identified as an important …

Nearly three million people in the USA suffer traumatic brain injury (TBI) yearly; however,
there are no pre-or post-TBI treatment options available. KCNQ2-5 voltage-gated K+ …