Fabricating an intelligent and tactile-sensitive untethered soft robot is a major challenge. In
this study, we used 4D printing to manufacture a liquid crystal elastomer-based robot that …

This work aims to provide a comprehensive review of the continuum models of the phase
behaviors of liquid crystal networks (LCNs), novel materials with various engineering …

Many polymer materials can respond to external stimuli, so their surface topographies can
be regulated in order to achieve specific functions, such as fabrication of lens arrays, control …

Stimulus responsive elastomers are advanced engineered materials that perform desired
functionalities when triggered by external stimuli. Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are one …

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) represent a promising class of responsive polymers
whose physical properties are peculiar to both fluids and solids. Thanks to their microscale …

Continuum models describing ideal nematic solids are widely used in theoretical studies of
liquid crystal elastomers. However, experiments on nematic elastomers show a type of …

We derive a general constitutive model for nematic liquid crystalline rods. Our approach
consists in reducing the three-dimensional strain-energy density of a nematic cylindrical …

Growth of soft material plates is commonly observed in nature. However, the relations
between growth fields and shape changes of the plate samples remain poorly understood …

Petals and leaves are usually curled and exhibit intriguing morphology evolution upon
growth, which contributes to their important biological functions. To understand the …

Stability is an important and fruitful avenue of research for liquid crystal elastomers. At
constant temperature, upon stretching, the homogeneous state of a nematic body becomes …