Astrocytes are a large and diverse population of morphologically complex cells that exist
throughout nervous systems of multiple species. Progress over the last two decades has …

Mammalian circadian rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological oscillators, including
a master clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Since the period …

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the primary circadian pacemaker in mammals.
Individual SCN neurons in dispersed culture can generate independent circadian …

The 24 h (circadian) timing system develops in mammals during the perinatal period. It
carries out the essential task of anticipating daily recurring environmental changes to identify …

Global warming and plastic pollution are among the most important environmental problems
today. Unfortunately, our world is warming more than expected and biological life, especially …

Maternal vascular adaptation to pregnancy is critically important to expand the capacity for
blood flow through the uteroplacental unit to meet the needs of the developing fetus. Failure …

The intrinsic cardiovascular regulatory system (β, 0.00013–0.02 Hz) did not adapt to
microgravity after a 6-month spaceflight. The infraslow oscillation (ISO, 0.01–0.10 Hz) …

Circadian rhythms in mammals are synchronized to the light (L)/dark (D) cycle through
messages relaying in the master clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus …

Melatonin levels, metabolic parameters, circadian rhythm activity patterns, and behavior
were observed in rats subjected to a 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle (LD) compared to animals …

This chapter explores the role of astrocytic intermediate filaments and the proteins these are
built of, namely glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin and nestin, in astrocytes under …