A review of the impact of the cold-ion and cold-electron populations in the Earth's
magnetosphere is presented. The cold populations are defined by total energy less than …

Ground-based optical astronomy necessarily involves sensing the light of astronomical
objects along with the contributions of many natural sources ranging from the Earth's …

We present the first observations of ionospheric phenomena using the newly deployed
Transition Region Explorer (TREx) Spectrograph. On the night of 10 April 2018, STEVE …

The lower-thermosphere–ionosphere (LTI) system consists of the upper atmosphere and the
lower part of the ionosphere and as such comprises a complex system coupled to both the …

The paper aims to review recent advances regarding the observational and monitoring
capabilities of the ionization conditions in the Earth's upper atmosphere. The analysis spans …

We present three STEVE (strong thermal emission velocity enhancement) events in
conjunction with Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions (THEMIS) in the …

We report on a novel scenario of subauroral arcs within strong subauroral ion drifts (SAID)‐
STEVE and Picket Fence. Their explanation requires a local source of low‐energy, ε< 18.75 …

During the 17 March 2015 geomagnetic storm, citizen scientist observations from Dunedin
(45.95° S, 170.32° E), New Zealand, revealed a bright wide red arc known as stable auroral …

We found the inner electromagnetic structure of subauroral ion drifts (SAID) in the SAID‐
STEVE events documented by the Swarm spacecraft and numerically simulated the …

Little is currently known about the optical phenomenon known as Steve. The first scientific
publication on the subject suggests that Steve is associated with an intense subauroral ion …