Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health issue with high social and
economic costs. Concomitant chronic cardiac disorders are frequent in patients with COPD …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifaceted disease in which the
pulmonary vessels are often affected (1, 2). Mild pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common …

Background Pulmonary hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is
associated with reduced biventricular end-diastolic volumes and increased morbidity and …

Chronic airflow limitation is the common denominator of patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is not possible to predict morbidity and mortality of …

Background Numerous studies have estimated adverse effects of short-term exposure to
ambient air pollution on public health. Few have focused on sex-differences, and results …

Rationale: Smoking-related microvascular loss causes end-organ damage in the kidneys,
heart, and brain. Basic research suggests a similar process in the lungs, but no large studies …

The relationship between lung and heart diseases has long been recognized, with necropsy
studies demonstrating silent myocardial infarctions or coronary artery calcification in patients …

Even mild pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity
in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the underlying …

Rationale: Cor pulmonale (right ventricular [RV] dilation) and cor pulmonale parvus (RV
shrinkage) are both described in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide and encompasses chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It has been shown that …