Inflammation is essential in the initial development and progression of many cardiovascular
diseases involving innate and adaptive immune responses. The role of CD4+ CD25+ …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in the regulation of T-cell–mediated
immune responses through suppression of T-cell proliferation and secretion of inhibitory …

Heart failure is a global problem with high hospitalization and mortality rates. Inflammation
and immune dysfunction are involved in this disease. Owing to their unique function …

Atherosclerosis is an autoimmune disease caused by self-and non-self-antigens
contributing to excessive activation of T and B cell immune responses. These responses …

Background Cardiovascular disease had a global prevalence of 523 million cases and 18.6
million deaths in 2019. The current standard for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) is …

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common condition responsible for mortality and morbidity
related to ischemic heart failure. Accumulating experimental and translational evidence …

The immune system provides a large variety of immune checkpoint proteins, which involve
both costimulatory and inhibitory proteins. Costimulatory proteins can promote cell survival …

Approximately 10% of gastric carcinomas are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and
are defined as EBV-associated gastric carcinomas (EBVaGCs). EBVaGCs are known to be …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, in which multiple types of immune cells
are involved. Th1 and Th17 cells play a prominent role in induction and progression of local …

Purpose Despite modern reperfusion and pharmacologic therapies, myocardial infarction
(MI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the …