The shipping industry has paid unprecedented attention to reducing emissions and pollution
in recent years. In particular, the International Maritime Organization has enacted many …

Increasing environmental concerns are driving the shipping industry to take strict measures
to deal with greenhouse gas emissions. International Maritime Organization drives the …

Marine diesel engines, which provide main power source for ships, mainly contribute to air
pollution in ports and coastal areas. Thus there is an increasing demand on tightening the …

The environmental effects of conventional fossil fuels used in maritime sector is a well-
studied subject and various methods, ie hull optimization, engine modifications, alternative …

Due to intensive marine activities and the use of low-quality fuel oils, the marine transport
accounts for a considerable part of air pollution in the transportation sector. Although ships …

Alternative marine fuels are accepted and used as an important solution for preventing ship-
related air-borne pollutants. Studies of international organizations such as IMO on these …

Global maritime transportation is responsible for around 3% of total anthropogenic
greenhouse gas emissions and significant proportions of SOx, NOx, and PM emissions …

Maritime transportation has a remarkable contribution to the increase of pollutant gases in
the atmosphere, and adapting alternative energy systems to ship's main power grid is an …

Alcohol fuels, primarily ethanol and methanol, have emerged as one of the important
alternatives for sustainable transportation and power generation applications, due to the …

Green methanol is a good carbon–neutral fuel, but the cetane number of methanol is so low
that it is unsuitable for use in conventional compression ignition engines. Stable combustion …