The microvasculature plays a central role in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic shock and
is also involved in arguably all therapeutic attempts to reverse or minimize the adverse …

White blood cells (WBCs) provide crucial information pertaining to human health, and its
separation from other blood constituents is imperative for blood-based diagnostics of various …

Background Neuroinflammation may be a potential mechanism of postoperative delirium
(POD) in geriatric patients, and hypertonic saline (HS) has immunomodulatory properties …

Background Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common disorder in the elderly patients, and
neuroinflammation is the possible underlying mechanism. This study is designed to …

Hypertonic saline (HS) attenuates cerebral edema, improves microcirculation perfusion and
alleviates inflammation. However, whether the beneficial effect of HS on neurological …

Introduction Brain death (BD) compromises the viability of the lung for donation. Hypertonic
saline solution (HSS) induces rapid intravascular volume expansion and immunomodulatory …

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of pre-treatment with nimodipine and
7.5% hypertonic saline (HS) on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in aged rats …

Introduction Preventing secondary insult to the brain is imperative following traumatic brain
injury (TBI). Although TBI does not preclude nonoperative management (NOM) of splenic …

Background Blood products, crystalloids, and colloid fluids are used in the medical treatment
of severe hemorrhage in horses with a goal of providing sufficient blood flow and oxygen …

Objectives. The primary target is to reveal whether the resuscitation with hypertonic saline
(HTS) or hydroxyethyl starch (HES) would have different effects on the myeloid‐derived …