Major reactive oxygen species (ROS)–producing systems in vascular wall include NADPH
(reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase, xanthine oxidase …

Atherosclerosis, the major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), is a chronic inflammatory
condition with immune competent cells in lesions producing mainly pro-inflammatory …

The cardiovascular system is subject to hyperlipidaemic, inflammatory, and pro-oxidant
stressors. Over time, these factors drive prevalent chronic diseases, of which atherosclerosis …

Ageing, infections and inflammation result in oxidative stress that can irreversibly damage
cellular structures. The oxidative damage of lipids in membranes or lipoproteins is one of …

Autoimmune diseases are associated with a dramatically increased risk of atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease and its clinical manifestations. The increased risk is consistent with …

Occlusive arterial disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aside
from balloon angioplasty, bypass graft surgery is the most commonly performed …

Natural antibodies (NAb) are defined as germline encoded immunoglobulins found in
individuals without (known) prior antigenic experience. NAb bind exogenous (eg, bacterial) …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is initiated by the retention and
accumulation of cholesterol-containing lipoproteins, particularly low-density lipoprotein, in …

Oxidation reactions are vital parts of metabolism and signal transduction. However, they also
produce reactive oxygen species, which damage lipids, proteins and DNA, generating …

Intestinal dysbiosis, characterized by a reduced Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, has been
reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. In this study, in vitro cultures …