Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. It is characterized by progressive
destruction of articular cartilage and the development of chronic pain and constitutes a …

Joint pain is the hallmark symptom of osteoarthritis (OA) and the main reason for patients to
seek medical assistance. OA pain greatly contributes to functional limitations of joints and …

Osteoporosis, one of the serious health diseases, involves bone mass loss, bone density
diminishing, and degeneration of bone microstructure, which is accompanied by a tendency …

Developmental signaling pathways control a vast array of biological processes during
embryogenesis and in adult life. The WNT pathway was discovered simultaneously in …

Bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by DXA is used to evaluate bone health. In children,
total body (TB) measurements are commonly used; in older individuals, BMD at the lumbar …

Decades of work have identified the signaling pathways that regulate the differentiation of
chondrocytes during bone formation, from their initial induction from mesenchymal …

Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent chronic joint disease, increases in prevalence with
age, and affects majority of individuals over the age of 65 and is a leading musculoskeletal …

Endochondral ossification is the process by which the embryonic cartilaginous model of
most bones contributes to longitudinal growth and is gradually replaced by bone. During …

Both activating and null mutations of proteins required for canonical WNT signaling have
revealed the importance of this pathway for normal skeletal development. However, tissue …

As the cellular component of articular cartilage, chondrocytes are responsible for
maintaining in a low-turnover state the unique composition and organization of the matrix …