Conventional chemotherapy lacking target selectivity often leads to severe side effects,
limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Therefore, drug delivery systems ensuring both …

Nose-to-brain drug delivery has been of great interest for the treatment of many central
nervous system (CNS) diseases and psychiatric disorders over past decades. Several …

Traditional cancer therapy methods, especially those directed against specific intracellular
targets or signaling pathways, are not powerful enough to overcome tumor heterogeneity …

Advancement in biotechnology provided a notable expansion of peptide and protein
therapeutics, used as antigens, vaccines, hormones. It has a prodigious potential to treat a …

A significant majority of the 20 approved nanoformulations consist predominantly of
nanocrystals (NCs). NCs are nanosized drug moieties comprising 100% of the drug with …

Background The round window membrane (RWM) functions as the primary biological barrier
for therapeutic agents in the inner ear via local application. Previous studies on inner ear …

With the continuous advancements in tumor immunotherapy, researchers are actively
exploring new treatment methods. Peptide therapeutic cancer vaccines have garnered …

As the most metabolically active organ in the body, there is a recognized need for pathways
that remove waste proteins and neurotoxins from the brain. Previous research has indicated …

Introduction The incidence of Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders, including
Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and malignancies, has risen significantly …

The blood–tumor barrier (BTB) limits the entry of effective chemotherapeutic agents into the
brain for treatment of malignant tumors like glioblastoma. Poor drug entry across the BTB …