Aging is associated with progressive losses in function across multiple systems, including
sensation, cognition, memory, motor control, and affect. The traditional view has been that …

Environmental enrichment (EE) and voluntary exercise (VEx) have consistently been shown
to increase adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improve spatial learning ability. Although it …

Current evidence indicates that repetitive motor behavior during motor learning paradigms
can produce changes in representational organization in motor cortex. In a previous study …

Experience-dependent plasticity during development results in the emergence of highly
adapted representations of the external world in the adult brain. Previous studies have …

Abnormalities of the sensory system have been proposed as causative factors for dystonia.
By mapping the human cortical hand somatosensory area of 6 patients with focal dystonia of …

Repair and reconstruction of major nerve trunks in the upper extremity is a very challenging
surgical problem. Today, there is no surgical repair technique that can assure recovery of …

Neurons in the rat primary auditory cortex (A1) generally cannot respond to tone sequences
faster than 12 pulses per second (pps). To test whether experience can modify this …

The motor system has the ability to adapt to environmental constraints and injury to itself.
This adaptation is often referred to as a form of plasticity allowing for livelong acquisition of …

The brain's life-long capacity for experience-dependent plasticity allows adaptation to new
environments or to changes in the environment, and to changes in internal brain states such …

Dystonia has a wide clinical spectrum from early‐onset generalized to late‐onset sporadic,
task‐specific forms. The genetic origin of the former has been clearly established. A critical …