Over centuries of plant morphological research, biologists have enthusiastically explored
how distinct vascular arrangements have diversified. These investigations have focused on …

Herbaceous plants collectively known as geophytes, which regrow from belowground buds,
are distributed around the globe and throughout the land plant tree of life. The geophytic …

The Sapindales are a large order comprised of trees, shrubs, lianas and rarely herbs. This
lineage is mostly pantropical with important temperate lineages, inclusing some of the most …

Abstract Background and Aims The tribe Paullinieae has the highest diversity of vascular
variants among the seed plants. The developmental diversity is better understood in the …

Evolutionary developmental biology (evo‐devo) explores the link between developmental
patterning and phenotypic change through evolutionary time. In this review, we highlight the …

Background Alternative patterns of secondary growth in stems of Nyctaginaceae is present
in all growth habits of the family and have been known for a long time. However, the …

Climatic niche evolution during the diversification of tropical plants has received little
attention in Africa. To address this, we characterised the climatic niche of> 4000 tropical …

Background Phloem wedges furrowing the wood are one of the most notorious, widespread
types of cambial variants in Angiosperms. Many lianas in Malpighiaceae show these …

Premise Polishing entire stem and root samples is an effective method for studying their
anatomy; however, polishing fresh samples to preserve woods with soft tissues or barks is …

Phloem is one of the vital tissues of the vascular system that plays a crucial role in the
conduction of photosynthates. In vascular plants, it develops external to the vascular …