Endogenous photosensitizers play a critical role in both beneficial and harmful light-induced
transformations in biological systems. Understanding their mode of action is essential for …

The poor aqueous solubility of many approved drugs and most new chemical entities poses
a challenge to drug delivery scientists working in academic and industrial labs. Despite the …

Background Skin is a multilayer interface between the body and the environment,
responsible for many important functions, such as temperature regulation, water transport …

Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting
from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin …

The skin is often viewed as a static barrier that protects the body from the outside world.
Emphasis on studying the skin's architecture and biomechanics in the context of restoring …

The role of two and three-dimensional printing as a fabrication technology for sophisticated
transdermal drug delivery systems is explored in literature. 3D printing encompasses a …

Written by experienced and internationally renowned contributors, this is the fourth edition of
what has become the standard reference for cosmetic scientists and dermatologists seeking …

UVA radiation is the most prevalent component of solar UV radiation; it deeply penetrates
into the skin and induces profound alterations of the dermal connective tissue. In recent …

Aging is an inevitable and complex process that can be described clinically as features of
wrinkles, sunspots, uneven skin color, and sagging skin. These cutaneous effects are …

In this study the commonalities and inconsistencies between three Geographical Information
Science (GISc) competency sets are used to develop a new framework of essential …