Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a type of hepatic injury caused by an
uncommon drug adverse reaction that can develop to conditions spanning from …

Pharmacogenetics is the study of how interindividual variations in the DNA sequence of
specific genes affect drug response. This article highlights current pharmacogenetic …

Genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes can result in altered metabolic
activity toward a plethora of clinically important medications. Thus, single nucleotide variants …

The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapy remains a major
challenge in the treatment of cancer. Resistance exists against every effective anticancer …

The HIV type‐1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, efavirenz, is widely used to
treat HIV type‐1 infection. Efavirenz is predominantly metabolized into inactive metabolites …

Summary Background The Family Planning 2020 (FP2020) initiative, launched at the 2012
London Summit on Family Planning, aims to enable 120 million additional women to use …

The NNRTI efavirenz has long been one of the most frequently employed antiretroviral drugs
in the multidrug regimens used to treat HIV infection, in accordance with its well …

Interindividual differences in drug disposition are important causes for adverse drug
reactions and lack of drug response. The majority of phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing …

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) induce pyroptosis of HIV-1-
infected CD4+ T cells through induction of intracellular HIV-1 protease activity, which …

Individual susceptibility to environmental, chemical, and drug toxicity is to some extent
determined by polymorphism in drug-metabolizing enzymes, in particular the cytochromes …