The human–machine relationship was dictated by human needs and what technology was
available at the time. Changes within this relationship are illustrated by successive industrial …

The recent advancement of digitalization and information and communication technology
(ICT) has not only shifted the manufacturing paradigm towards the Fourth Industrial …

A revolution in advanced manufacturing has been driven by digital technology in the fourth
industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, and has resulted in a substantial increase …

Smart manufacturing is being shaped nowadays by two different paradigms: Industry 4.0
proclaims transition to digitalization and automation of processes while emerging Industry …

Globally, governments are contributing to the four main concerns of this century, namely,
boosting urban air quality, halting climate change, ensuring energy security and mitigating …

The rapid growth of the world population has increased the food demand as well as the
need for assurance of food quality, safety, and sustainability. However, food security can …

The development of the e-commerce market worldwide, which was already dynamic, was
accelerated by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Millions of incoming orders required analogue …

The architecture, engineering, construction, and operation (AECO) industry is evolving
rapidly. In particular, technological advancements and lessons learned from the COVID-19 …

Digitalization, the spread of artificial intelligence solutions and robotization pave the way for
new industry trends that shape the framework of a new industrial era. This era brings both …

Purpose Against the background of the I50 paradigm, this paper queries in what ways
blockchain and blockchain-based applications deployed in the smart city context facilitate …